Immune checkpoint molecules play an important role in T cell functionality after TCR/MHC signalling. Blockade of two B7/CD28 family checkpoint molecules, CTLA-4 and PD-1, have already demonstrated excellent efficacy in increasing T cell responses to a variety of tumours. Identification of novel target and new checkpoint blockade remains a key element in Drug Discovery (See “Drug discovery: Immunotherapy checkpoint research for new Cancer treatments“). In this post, let’s take a look at the “Quantibody® Human Immune Checkpoint Molecule Array 1” for the detection of 10 Human Immune Checkpoint biomarkers.

CRISPR-CAS9 is a powerful technology for gene editing. It allows targeted modifications into the genome of the cell lines, IPSCs and ESCs. Despite the principle being pretty simple, in practice its use requires some expertise, and it can even turn into a time consuming adventure… That’s why the best way to benefit from it is most certainly through affordable services.

The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is a well-characterized protein degradation system in cells whose dysfunction is implicated in many diseases, including neurodegeneration and cancer^1,2. Major UPS components are ubiquitin (Ub), Ub ligases, Ub hydrolases (deubiquitinases [DUBs]), and the proteasome.

RNAi offer >70% knock-down of the gene expression, and thanks to CRISPR-CAS9 gene editing, it’s possible make a complete knock-out. The TUNR system offers the possibility to obtain intermediates with high, medium and low reduction of the gene expression and with the same quality of targeting as for knock-out. Let’s take a closer look at the TUNR technique.