Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are one of the the primary causes of morbidity and mortality worlwide. Therefore, more accurate Blood cardiac biomarkers (CB) are needed for a correct handling of patients, at the diagnostic and prognostic level. CVDs are a myriad of diseases with different molecular mechanisms, so it is important to have CBs specific for each pathology.

Toray’s 3D-Gene technology enables sensitive and accurate miRNA and mRNA analysis through tebu-bio services

Biomarkers are a significant tool to better identify high-risk individuals, to diagnose disease conditions promptly and accurately, and to efficiently prognose and treat patients with disease. Circulating biomarkers, such as miRNAs, have been used in other fields (e.g. Oncology), but their use in clinical practice for CVD patients is still scarce.

Intracellular Flow Cytometry enables the identification and analysis of signaling and functional markers within cells from samples containing heterogeneous cell populations. Many cell types can be thus identified through their intracellular Flow Cytometry patterns and key intracellular signaling pathways and their respective post-translational modifications can be conveniently analysed. Behind these unique performances, Intracellular Flow Cytometry require anyhow optimized immunoreagents for cell permeabilization, intracellular staining and fluorescent detection.

Ubiquitination is a common post translational protein modification that occurs through an isopeptide linkage between the C-terminus of ubiquitin and the ε-amino group of a lysine residue on the target substrate. Ubiquitin itself has seven Lys residues (K6, K11, K27, K29, K33, K48, and K63), each of which can participate in further ubiquitination, generating poly-Ub chains. The ability of Ubiquitin to form polymers through various lysines as well as its NH2-terminus appears to be central to the versatility of this system in regulating a variety of cellular processes.